Windows manages memory using a process called virtual memory. Virtual memory is a system that uses both RAM and hard drive space to store data and instructions for programs.

For example, when a program needs more memory than is available in RAM, the Windows operating system will move some of the data from RAM to the hard drive. This data is stored in a file called a page file. When the program needs to access this data, it will be loaded back into RAM. This process of moving data between RAM and the hard drive is called paging.

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