The main components of an Arduino board are:
1. Microcontroller: This is the brains of the board and is responsible for controlling the board’s functions. For example, the Arduino Uno board contains an ATmega328P microcontroller.
2. Power Supply: This is used to provide the board with power. For example, the Arduino Uno board can be powered by a 9V battery or USB cable.
3. Input/Output (I/O) Pins: These are used to connect external components such as sensors, motors, and LEDs to the board. For example, the Arduino Uno board has 14 digital I/O pins and 6 analog I/O pins.
4. Clock Speed: This is the speed at which the microcontroller runs. For example, the Arduino Uno board runs at 16MHz.
5. USB Port: This is used to connect the board to a computer for programming. For example, the Arduino Uno board has a USB port for programming.