LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) is a low power wireless network protocol designed for long range, low power communication. It uses the unlicensed spectrum in the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) bands and operates in the sub-gigahertz range. It is designed to be used in applications such as smart metering, asset tracking, and remote monitoring.
LoRaWAN works by using a combination of spread spectrum and chirp spread spectrum (CSS) modulation techniques to transmit data over long distances. The data is sent in the form of packets, which are then received by the gateway. The gateway then forwards the data to the network server, which then sends it to the application server.
For example, a smart meter could use LoRaWAN to transmit its readings to the network server. The smart meter would use its LoRaWAN transceiver to send a packet containing the meter’s readings to the gateway. The gateway would then forward the packet to the network server, which would then send it to the application server. The application server would then process the data and send it to the utility company.