1. Access Control: Smart contracts should have access control measures in place to ensure that only authorized users are able to access and modify the code. For example, a multi-signature wallet can be used to control access to the contract, requiring multiple signatures from authorized users before any changes can be made.
2. Code Quality: Smart contracts should be thoroughly tested and audited to ensure that they are secure and bug-free. This includes testing for potential security vulnerabilities such as buffer overflows, race conditions, and other issues that could lead to malicious attacks.
3. Security Monitoring: Smart contracts should be monitored for any suspicious activity, such as unauthorized access attempts or unexpected changes in the code. This can be done by using a service such as Etherscan to monitor the blockchain for any suspicious activity.
4. Updating and Maintenance: Smart contracts should be regularly updated and maintained to ensure that they remain secure and functional. This includes patching any security vulnerabilities that are discovered, as well as ensuring that the code is up-to-date with the latest version of the blockchain.